| To be able to provide an infrastructure for | | | | infrastructure, but also creates valuable |
| high-revenue broadband services like triple play, | | | | competitive advantages: Triple Play vendors are |
| operators are working feverishly to deploy | | | | eager to get their services out into the |
| modern networks capable of supporting TV and | | | | marketplace and they need to roll out a suitable |
| video streaming. But "pure-bred" next-generation | | | | network infrastructure as quickly as they can. |
| networks with end-to-end IP infrastructure will | | | | Easy ConversionAs with many point-to-point |
| remain the exception in the foreseeable future. | | | | applications, simple conversion at the protocol level |
| Even in modern carrier networks, traditional lines | | | | is the most affordable means of carrying |
| will continue to play a role, and technologies like | | | | Ethernet traffic from the IP DSLAM across an |
| Ethernet over SDH are making it possible to build | | | | SDH network. The IP DSLAM's Gigabit Ethernet |
| pragmatic solutions. | | | | interface is connected using a protocol converter. |
| With next generation networks (NGNs), carriers | | | | This converts the Ethernet data into virtual |
| are deploying an Ethernet IP platform capable of | | | | containers (VC-4) and transfers them across the |
| supporting not just services like Layer-2 VPNs, | | | | STM-1 interface directly to the network |
| VLANs, and voice over IP, but also video and TV | | | | operator's add-drop multiplexer (ADM). |
| transmission. These networks consist of IP | | | | One known issue associated with Ethernet over |
| MPLS-based transport networks and | | | | SDH is avoided here: the transportation of signals |
| Ethernet-based Metro networks. To reach the | | | | of variable length like Ethernet frames on |
| greatest possible number of customers, these | | | | fixed-size units like virtual containers (VC) in SDH |
| networks support different types of access - on | | | | is anything but efficient. And the scale of Ethernet |
| DSL copper lines, cable TV lines and optical | | | | traffic (100 Mbps, 1,000 Mbps) does not fit the |
| Ethernet in the First Mile (EFM). | | | | hierarchy levels in SDH (around 150 Mbps with |
| Triple Play services - a combination of Internet | | | | STM-1 and 450 Mbps with STM-3). Thus, the |
| access, telephony, TV and video - are expected | | | | transmission of traffic on a fully loaded Fast |
| to offer considerable sales potential in the | | | | Ethernet interface over an STM-1 line would |
| consumer segment. Triple Play has plenty of | | | | waste one-third of the available bandwidth. |
| appeal for customers: they only need to pay for | | | | Here, however, the traffic from an only partially |
| one access service and can place phone calls | | | | loaded Gigabit Ethernet interface is transported on |
| affordably over the Internet, surf the Web, | | | | the STM-1 line, and the size of converter can be |
| watch TV, and access videos, games and music | | | | chosen to best suit the actual data throughput. In |
| for their home entertainment platforms over the | | | | the application example in the sidebar, an intelligent |
| network. These services can be offered on both | | | | RIC-155GE Ethernet-over-SDH converter carries |
| DSL lines and back channel-enabled broadband TV | | | | Gigabit Ethernet traffic with a maximum rate of |
| cable, so competition for consumer business will | | | | around 150 Mbps from the IP DSLAMs across an |
| get tougher. DSL providers and TV cable network | | | | STM-1 line. This prevents bandwidth loss and |
| operators are suddenly finding that they are rivals | | | | eliminates the need for complex and costly |
| in the same market. | | | | solutions like virtual concatenation technology. If |
| There are, however, opportunities amid the | | | | additional bandwidth is needed, equipment with an |
| competitive risks: Triple Play is seen as a means | | | | STM-4 interface can be deployed. |
| of increasing the average revenue per user | | | | The name of RAD Data Communications' product |
| (ARPU), attracting new customers, and offsetting | | | | reveals plenty about the device: it is a rate and |
| shrinking margins in former cash-cow segments, | | | | interface converter with STM-1 (155 Mbps) and |
| like call charges and DSL access, with revenue | | | | Gigabit Ethernet interfaces. The converter has a |
| streams from value-added services. So it's hardly | | | | number of additional functions, which make it |
| surprising that Internet service providers (ISPs) | | | | especially well suited for use in Triple Play-enabled |
| are working hard to begin offering attractive | | | | networks. It supports a large number of MAC |
| Triple Play services and to enrich these services | | | | addresses and, therefore, a large number of DSL |
| with value-added communication capabilities and | | | | users. In addition, when traffic is high the |
| entertainment content. | | | | converter can buffer data when it peaks. Using |
| But to deliver these services, ISPs need more | | | | VLAN priority tagging, the device can also |
| than just a simple infrastructure for data | | | | distinguish between applications - an important |
| transportation. They need modern networks that | | | | capability, particularly for the efficient transmission |
| are optimized for real-time applications, that can | | | | of TV channels (multicasts) on a network. |
| sustain the transmission of TV broadcasts and | | | | At a glance |
| video on demand and enable guaranteed Quality | | | | The requisite IP connectivity is not always on |
| of Service (QoS). This is good for carriers | | | | hand to transport Ethernet data streams. One |
| because, with the decline in prices in recent years, | | | | way around this problem is to convert IP traffic |
| they can hardly turn a profit worth mentioning by | | | | into SDH containers and to carry it on an SDH |
| simply providing data transport infrastructure. | | | | transport network. Bandwidth can be adjusted as |
| Modernization with IP DSLAMsTo support Triple | | | | necessary, depending on the data rate. |
| Play services, the broadband infrastructure needs | | | | Closing gaps in IP networks |
| to be expanded. TV and video streams require | | | | affordablyTelefónica Germany is |
| much higher bit rates than, say, Internet access | | | | expanding its broadband infrastructure for |
| and VoIP applications. Because an individual video | | | | business customers and Internet Service |
| stream today needs a transmission rate of | | | | Providers (ISPs). Technology from RAD Data |
| between 1 Mbps and 4 Mbps (and this will increase | | | | Communications is being deployed to connect the |
| with the advent of tomorrow's new high-definition | | | | Ethernet infrastructure transparently using |
| TV formats), vendors need infrastructures | | | | conventional leased lines: the RIC-155GE |
| capable of supporting rates of between 5 Mbps | | | | Ethernet-over-SDH converter enables Gigabit |
| and 25 Mbps. | | | | Ethernet interfaces to connect up over SDH lines. |
| Furthermore, high Quality of Service is crucial to | | | | Telefónica Germany has a comprehensive, |
| Triple Play services because no one, for example, | | | | nationwide MPLS-based backbone. The company is |
| would be willing to put up with a jerky motion on | | | | currently building an unbundled Local Loop (LLP) |
| TV. So network operators are currently upgrading | | | | platform. By the middle of this year, up to 40 |
| their networks to support more demanding | | | | percent of all households in Germany will be |
| services like IPTV (TV and video streaming over | | | | connected. With this highly advanced, |
| Internet Protocol) and deliver them to the | | | | Ethernet-based DSL infrastructure, service |
| customer on access technologies like ADSL2+. | | | | providers will be able to offer broadband services |
| This means that the local loop needs to be | | | | like ADSL2+ and, later, multimedia services like |
| modernized. | | | | Triple Play. |
| One key component in the new access networks | | | | Missing linkAround 1,600 IP-DSLAMs will be |
| are Internet Protocol DSL access multiplexers (IP | | | | connected over Gigabit Ethernet lines to form |
| DSLAMs). These provide residential users with the | | | | ring-structured Metro networks, mostly on dark |
| services on DSL lines and essentially form the | | | | fiber. However, fiber is not available at every |
| backbone of the Local Loop. The multiplexers are | | | | DSLAM location. Telefónica soon found a |
| connected to the network operator's IP, MPLS or | | | | solution to close the gap: It leases SDH lines from |
| Ethernet transport infrastructures. Known as | | | | other network operators to carry its Ethernet |
| backhaul networks, these segments generally use | | | | traffic. To be equipped to meet tomorrow's |
| packet-switched lines, with Ethernet being the | | | | demands, the company was looking for an |
| connection of choice because of its simplicity. | | | | affordable product that would transparently |
| Unlike traditional DSLAMs, IP DSLAMs use IP or | | | | convert the data traffic and support multicasts. |
| Ethernet rather than ATM. Besides the greater | | | | "When new services are rolled out, the issue is |
| data throughput and the need to carry video | | | | not rapid time to market. If a company does not |
| streams smoothly, they also have to support | | | | have its own Ethernet or IP lines for DSLAM |
| voice traffic, in keeping with the principle of Triple | | | | backhaul and if no dark fiber is available, SDH |
| Play. Equipment has to be capable of delivering the | | | | networks, which are still widely available, can |
| requisite high Quality of Service to sustain voice | | | | provide an answer," explains Ramon Horkany, |
| over IP and video real-time applications. | | | | Product Line Manager at RAD Data |
| Connecting the Multiplexers | | | | Communications. "Leasing lines is often more |
| To connect an IP DSLAM, network operators | | | | economical, particularly as the current price trend |
| generally use dark fiber and attach the equipment | | | | is very favorable." Says Ingo Stampe, Director |
| to the fiber over Gigabit Ethernet. Optical fiber is | | | | Networks with Telefónica in Germany, "Of |
| not available at every location, but instead of | | | | all the solutions we looked at, RAD's RIC-155GE |
| installing new fiber in such cases, DSL network | | | | converter proved to be the most affordable |
| operators can rent conventional fixed SDH lines to | | | | option for carrying Gigabit Ethernet interfaces |
| connect their multiplexers. This pragmatic | | | | over SDH lines." |
| approach is not just more economical, because | | | | To download the PDF please visit RAD data |
| there is no need to deploy an all-fiber | | | | communication site. |